Cov Losses ntawm Transformer yog dab tsi?

Qhov kev poob ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob feem ntau suav nrog kev poob tooj liab thiab kev poob hlau. Qhov no yog vim tias txhua yam khoom siv hluav taws xob yuav tsim kev poob thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntev, thiab cov tshuab hluav taws xob tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb.

Kev puas tsuaj ntawm hlau yog dab tsi?

Tsis zoo li qhov poob tooj liab, qhov poob hlau ntawm lub transformer tsis yog nyob ntawm seb muaj dab tsi xws li winding thiab qhov loj ntawm tam sim no. Los ntawm lub npe pom, kev puas tsuaj ntawm hlau muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog hlau, nws yog tsim los ntawm cov hlau core. Qhov poob hlau ntawm lub transformer kuj tseem hu ua "tsis muaj kev poob load", uas yog vim tias qhov poob hlau yeej ib txwm muaj nyob hauv lub transformer, txawm tias nws yog tag nrho load lossis xoom load, thiab yog rau qhov poob ruaj khov ntawm lub transformer. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lub sijhawm load, qhov poob hluav taws xob yuav txo qis nrog qhov txo qis ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob.

Kev faib tawm ntawm kev poob hlau transformer

Cov hlau poob ntawm lub transformer yog muab faib ua hysteresis poob thiab eddy tam sim no poob.

Kev poob ntawm Hysteresis

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ua haujlwm ntawm lub transformer yog raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm electromagnetic induction kom ua tiav qhov voltage nce thiab poob thiab hloov pauv tam sim no. Lub magnetic flux hauv lub transformer ntws rau ntawm lub hlau core. Lub hlau core muaj magnetic tsis kam rau lub magnetic flux, ib yam li tus neeg coj hluav taws xob muaj kev tiv thaiv rau tam sim no. Ib yam li ntawd, cua sov kuj yuav tsim, thiab qhov poob no hu ua "hysteresis loss".

Eddy tam sim no poob

Thaum muaj hluav taws xob siv rau ntawm lub kauj hlau (primary winding) ntawm lub transformer, cov hluav taws xob sib nqus uas lub kauj hlau tsim tawm yuav ntws mus rau hauv lub plawv hlau. Vim tias lub plawv nws tus kheej yog ib lub tshuab hluav taws xob (conductor), lub zog hluav taws xob yuav raug tsim tawm hauv ib lub dav hlau uas tig mus rau txoj kab sib nqus. Lub zog hluav taws xob no tsim ib lub voj voog kaw hauv seem ntawm lub plawv, uas ua rau muaj hluav taws xob. Lub zog hluav taws xob no ua haujlwm zoo li lub vortex tig, yog li ntawd lub npe hu ua "vortex". Qhov poob los ntawm eddy current hu ua "eddy current loss". Vim tias lub plawv tsim cov hluav taws xob eddy uas nws tau ua rau daim ntawv nyias. Vim tias lub plawv nyias dua, qhov kev tiv thaiv siab dua, qhov hluav taws xob qis dua.

Cov yam cuam tshuam ntawm kev poob hlau transformer

• Qhov hluav taws xob ua haujlwm thiab zaus: Kev poob hlau muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog qhov hluav taws xob ua haujlwm thiab zaus ntawm lub transformer vim tias cov yam no cuam tshuam rau lub zog ntawm lub zog sib nqus thiab hysteresis hauv lub hauv paus.
• Cov khoom siv tseem ceeb: Cov yam ntxwv hysteresis ntawm cov khoom siv tseem ceeb yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov loj ntawm cov hlau poob. Yog tias cov khoom siv tseem ceeb tsis raug xaiv zoo, kev poob hysteresis yuav nce ntxiv.
• Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom: Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ntawm lub transformer kuj muaj qee qhov cuam tshuam rau qhov poob hlau. Piv txwv li, txoj kev lamination ntawm lub hauv paus, kev kho cua sov, thiab lwm yam yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov loj ntawm qhov poob hlau.

Yuav ua li cas kom txo tau qhov poob ntawm cov hlau transformer?

• Xaiv cov khoom siv hlau zoo: Kev xaiv cov khoom siv hlau nrog qhov poob me me ntawm hysteresis tuaj yeem txo qhov poob hlau ntawm lub transformer.
• Txhim kho cov txheej txheem tsim khoom: Txo cov hlau poob los ntawm kev txhim kho txoj kev lamination tseem ceeb, kev kho cua sov thiab lwm yam txheej txheem tsim khoom.
• Tsim qauv tsim nyog: Hauv theem tsim qauv transformer, kev poob hlau raug txo los ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua qub thiab kev xaiv cov yam ntxwv.

Kev poob tooj liab

Tooj liab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov transformers. Cov xov tooj liab feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov windings ntawm transformers. Qhov "kev poob tooj liab" hauv transformer yog qhov kev poob los ntawm cov xov tooj liab. Qhov "kev poob tooj liab" ntawm transformer kuj tseem hu ua kev poob load. Qhov hu ua kev poob load yog kev poob variable thiab kev hloov pauv.

Nws hloov pauv nrog qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm tam sim no, kev poob tooj liab (kev poob ntawm qhov hnyav) yog qhov kev poob hloov pauv, thiab nws tseem yog qhov kev poob tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm transformer.

Cov yam cuam tshuam ntawm kev poob tooj liab transformer

• Qhov loj tam sim no: Raws li tau hais los saum toj no, qhov poob tooj liab yog proportional rau lub square ntawm qhov tam sim no, yog li qhov loj ntawm qhov tam sim no yog qhov tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau qhov poob tooj liab.
• Kev tiv thaiv winding: Qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm winding ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau qhov poob tooj liab. Qhov ntau dua qhov kev tiv thaiv, qhov siab dua qhov poob tooj liab.
• Tus naj npawb ntawm cov txheej coil: Cov txheej coil ntau dua, txoj kev ntev dua rau tam sim no ntws hauv qhov winding, thiab qhov kev tiv thaiv yuav nce ntxiv raws li, ua rau muaj kev poob tooj liab ntau ntxiv.
• Kev Hloov Zaus: Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev hloov zaus ntawm kev poob tooj liab ntawm lub transformer yog ncaj qha cuam tshuam nrog cov kev faib tawm thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub transformer. Thaum cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev thauj khoom thiab cov kev faib tawm yog inductive, kev poob tooj liab txo qis thaum lub zaus hloov pauv nce; thaum lawv yog capacitive, kev poob tooj liab nce ntxiv thaum lub zaus hloov pauv nce.
• Kev cuam tshuam ntawm qhov kub thiab txias: Kev poob ntawm cov khoom thauj kuj raug cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov kub ntawm lub transformer. Tib lub sijhawm, qhov xau dej ntws los ntawm cov khoom thauj tam sim no yuav tsim cov kev poob ntawm eddy tam sim no hauv cov winding thiab kev poob ntawm cov hlau sab nraum cov winding.

Yuav ua li cas kom txo tau qhov poob ntawm transformer tooj liab?

• Ua kom thaj tsam ntawm lub transformer winding nce ntxiv: txo qhov tsis kam ntawm tus neeg coj hluav taws xob, yog li ua kom txo tau qhov poob tooj liab ntawm lub transformer.
• Siv cov ntaub ntawv zoo uas ua rau cov xov hlau sib txuas tau zoo: xws li cov ntawv ci tooj liab lossis cov ntawv ci txhuas kom txo qhov tsis kam ntawm cov xov hlau.
• Txo lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm lub transformer uas siv lub teeb: Kev txwv qhov sib piv ntawm lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm lub transformer yuav pab txo qhov poob tooj liab ntawm lub transformer.