Nruab Nrab thiab Siab Voltage Transformer Switchgear: Ib Phau Ntawv Qhia Txog Kev Siv Tshuab

(Txhawb nqa los ntawm Cov Ntaub Ntawv Kev Lag Luam thiab Cov Qauv)

​1. Cov Haujlwm Tseem Ceeb thiab Lub Luag Haujlwm Hauv Kev Lag Luam​

Switchgear ua haujlwm ua tus txha nqaj qaum ntawm nruab nrab thiab siab voltage (MV / HV) fais fab systems, ua peb lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb rau transformers:

• ​Kev Faib Fais FabKev xa hluav taws xob los ntawm transformers mus rau cov khoom thauj los ntawm cov khoom noj, cov busbars, thiab cov khoom siv tiv thaiv.
• ​Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Txhaum Cai: Cuam tshuam cov teeb meem tam sim no hauv milliseconds (piv txwv li, 31.5kA–40kA luv-circuit breaking peev xwm) kom tiv thaiv cov khoom siv puas tsuaj.
• ​Kev Cais Tawm Kev Nyab Xeeb: Xyuas kom muaj kev saib xyuas zoo los ntawm kev sib txuas lus thiab cov txheej txheem av.

Piv txwv li, ib lub tshuab 12kV xav tau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm theem mus rau hauv av ntawm 125mm (cua-insulated) lossis 40mm (gas-insulated) kom tiv thaiv arcing.

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​2. Hom thiab Kev Tsim Qauv​

Kev faib tawm ntawm Switchgear thiab cov lus qhia tseem ceeb:

​Cov Cheebtsam Tseem Ceeb:

• ​Lub Tshuab Hluav Taws Xob Nqus Tsev (VCB): Muaj 10,000+ kev ua haujlwm kho tshuab nrog
• ​Cov BusbarsCov hlau tooj liab los yog txhuas (cross-section ≥100 × 10mm²) nrog thermal stability txog li 40kA / 4s.
• ​Kev Tiv Thaiv RelaysCov khoom siv IEC 61850-ua raws li cov cai rau kev kuaj pom overcurrent, differential, thiab arc-flash.

​3. Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Siv Tshuab thiab Cov Qauv​

• ​Kev Ntsuas Hluav Taws Xob:

• MV: 3.3kV–36kV (feem ntau nyob rau hauv cov grids industrial).
• HV: 66kV–800kV (cov tes hauj lwm xa hluav taws xob).
  • ​Cov Qib Rwb Thaiv Tsev:

• ​Cov yam ntxwv kev nyab xeeb:

• ​Tsib Qhov Kev Sib Txuas Tiv ThaivTiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj hluav taws xob tsis tau npaj tseg (piv txwv li, cov qhov hloov kho load-breaker tsis tuaj yeem kaw tshwj tsis yog tias cov circuit breakers qhib).
• ​Kev Pab Txhawb SiabCov vaj huam sib luag uas tsis tawg (piv txwv li, txhuas 0.8 hli) tso cov pa roj arc ntawm ≤50kPa los tiv thaiv cov neeg ua haujlwm.

​4. Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Xaiv Thiab Kev Txij Nkawm​

• ​Kev Xaiv Uas Tsav Los Ntawm Daim Ntawv Thov:

• ​Cov Cheeb Tsam Tam Sim No Muaj Qhov Txhaum SiabSiv SF6-insulated GIS rau kev txhim kho lub zog dielectric.
• ​Ib puag ncig hnyav: Xaiv cov thawv IP54 uas muaj cov txheej tiv taus xeb.
  • ​Kev Ntsuas Ib Txwm:
• ​Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv: ≤100μΩ (ntsuas ntawm micro-ohmmeter).
• ​Kev Ntsuas Dielectric: 1.2 / 50μs xob laim impulse (± 10% kam rau siab).
• ​Kev Ruaj Kho Tshuab: 5,000+ kev ua haujlwm rau cov circuit breakers.

​5. Cov Qauv Tshiab​

1. ​Kev siv digital:

• Cov khoom siv hloov pauv ntse sib xyaw ua ke cov IoT sensors rau lub sijhawm tiag tiag qhov kub thiab txias, kev co, thiab kev saib xyuas ib feem ntawm cov pa tawm.
• Piv txwv li: Schneider Electric's EcoStruxure platform ua rau muaj kev saib xyuas ua ntej los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas huab.
  2. ​Kev ruaj khov:
• Lwm txoj hauv kev xaiv uas tsis muaj SF6 (piv txwv li, lub tshuab nqus tsev lossis cov khoom rwb thaiv tsev khov kho) txo cov pa roj av los ntawm 95%.
  3. ​Tsim Qauv:
• Cov txee ntsaws-thiab-ua si (piv txwv li, ABB's UniGear ZS1) ua kom lub sijhawm teeb tsa luv dua 40%.

​Cov ntaub ntawv siv los ua piv txwv​

• IEC 62271-200:Cov khoom siv hloov pauv uas muaj roj rwb thaiv tsev
• IEEE C37.2:Tus qauv rau cov lej ua haujlwm ntawm lub zog fais fab
• National Grid UK:Cov txheej txheem zoo tshaj plaws rau kev saib xyuas Switchgear