Xov xwm

Nrog rau kev txhim kho tas mus li ntawm kev paub txog ib puag ncig thoob ntiaj teb thiab kev nce qib sai ntawm thev naus laus zis, cov phiaj xwm hluav taws xob tshiab maj mam dhau los ua cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam transformer yav tom ntej. Cov phiaj xwm no tsis yog tsuas yog txhawb kev hloov pauv ntsuab ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob, tab sis kuj muab kev txhawb nqa zoo rau kev tsim kom muaj lub network hluav taws xob muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo dua. Los ntawm kev siv cov thev naus laus zis hluav taws xob rov ua dua tshiab xws li cua, hnub ci thiab cov kab ke khaws cia hluav taws xob, cov transformers hluav taws xob tshiab tuaj yeem txo cov pa roj carbon thiab txo kev vam khom rau cov roj fossil ib txwm muaj, yog li ua rau muaj kev ua tiav ntawm kev tsis muaj pa roj carbon thoob ntiaj teb.

Qhov piv ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm lub transformer yog hais txog qhov sib piv ntawm qhov hluav taws xob ntawm qhov hluav taws xob siab (HV) winding thiab qhov hluav taws xob qis (LV) winding. Tshwj xeeb, nws sawv cev rau qhov sib piv ntawm qhov hluav taws xob ntsuas ntawm sab thawj (feem ntau yog hu ua qhov hluav taws xob siab lossis sab nkag) rau qhov hluav taws xob ntsuas ntawm sab thib ob (feem ntau hu ua qhov hluav taws xob qis lossis sab tso zis).

Cov transformers muaj zog siab (HV) yog tsim los rau cov voltages ≥35 kV (North America) lossis ≥36 kV (Tebchaws Europe), feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov tes hauj lwm xa hluav taws xob kom nce cov zis ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob rau kev xa mus deb thiab txo cov voltages ntawm cov chaw hloov pauv. Qhov sib txawv, cov transformers muaj zog qis (LV) (≤1 kV) tswj kev faib khoom hauv zos, txo cov voltage ntawm lub grid mus rau qib siv tau rau cov khoom siv hauv tsev, kev lag luam, thiab kev lag luam. Cov transformers fais fab tswj hwm cov ntawv thov HV (piv txwv li, 110–765 kV), thaum cov transformers faib khoom tsom mus rau LV systems (≤33 kV).

Lub lag luam hloov pauv hluav taws xob hauv Tebchaws Meskas tab tom muaj kev loj hlob thiab kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb, uas tsav los ntawm cov khoom siv qub, kev thov hluav taws xob nce ntxiv, thiab kev koom ua ke ntawm cov peev txheej hluav taws xob rov ua dua tshiab. Hauv qab no yog kev tshuaj xyuas ntxaws ntxaws ntawm lub xeev tam sim no thiab cov qauv yav tom ntej

Lub transformer uas muab tso rau hauv dej yog ib hom transformer hluav taws xob uas siv roj ua lub hauv paus rwb thaiv tsev thiab txias. Lub transformer no ua haujlwm los ntawm kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob (AC) los ntawm ib qib voltage mus rau lwm qib, txawm tias nce (nce mus) lossis txo (nce mus) qhov voltage. Lub transformer muaj lub hauv paus hlau nplaum, cov xov hlau, thiab cov bushings, txhua yam nyob hauv roj transformer, uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj hwm lub cuab yeej ua haujlwm.

Lub plawv yog lub plawv ntawm lub transformer lub magnetic circuit. Nws qhov zoo cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau qhov tsis muaj load poob thiab suab nrov ntawm transformer.

Lub tshuab hloov pauv rectifier rau kev tsim hydrogen yog lub "lub plawv thiab lub zog muab hluav taws xob" tshwj xeeb rau cov khoom siv tsim hydrogen electrolysis dej (lub electrolyzer). Nws txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb yog hloov lub grid lub zog hloov pauv (AC) mus rau hauv lub zog ncaj qha (DC) nrog lub zog siab thiab lub zog qis uas lub electrolyzer xav tau.

Qhov no yog kev faib tawm kev nyab xeeb uas tau los ntawm cov qauv tsim hluav taws xob nuclear (piv txwv li, IEEE Std 323 hauv Tebchaws Meskas lossis GB / T 12727 hauv Suav teb). Nws hais txog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb rau kev ua cov haujlwm kev nyab xeeb tseem ceeb, xws li kev kaw lub reactor thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, kev cais tawm, kev txias ntawm lub reactor, thiab kev tiv thaiv kev tso tawm cov khoom siv radioactive.

Nrog ib tug laus-style1000kVA transformertam sim no tswj hwm lub nra hnyav kwv yees li 200kW, lub transformer no puas tuaj yeem ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntxiv yog tias peb npaj yuav ntxiv lub nra hnyav tshiab kwv yees li 600kW? Lo lus nug no feem ntau yog hais txog lub tswv yim tseem ceeb: kev sib raug zoo thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm kVA thiab kW.

Nrog rau kev txhim kho tas mus li ntawm kev paub txog ib puag ncig thoob ntiaj teb thiab kev nce qib sai ntawm thev naus laus zis, cov phiaj xwm hluav taws xob tshiab maj mam dhau los ua cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam transformer yav tom ntej. Cov phiaj xwm no tsis yog tsuas yog txhawb kev hloov pauv ntsuab ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob, tab sis kuj muab kev txhawb nqa zoo rau kev tsim kom muaj lub network hluav taws xob muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo dua. Los ntawm kev siv cov thev naus laus zis hluav taws xob rov ua dua tshiab xws li cua, hnub ci thiab cov kab ke khaws cia hluav taws xob, cov transformers hluav taws xob tshiab tuaj yeem txo cov pa roj carbon thiab txo kev vam khom rau cov roj fossil ib txwm muaj, yog li ua rau muaj kev ua tiav ntawm kev tsis muaj pa roj carbon thoob ntiaj teb.